High Prevalence of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Clinical Samples in Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Tehran, Iran

Background: Due to the increasing antibiotic resistance, treating infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae has become more challenging. Objectives: The present study aimed investigate prevalence of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM producing carbapenem-resistant K. isolated from clinical samples in Shahid Rajaei hospital Tehran, Iran. Methods: Various were collected 1,186 patients admitted with open heart surgery two wards (ICU surgery) Heart Hospital isolates identified standard microbiologic tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility determined disk diffusion E-test methods. A modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) was performed detect presence carbapenemase. Antibiotic resistance genes detected using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers targeting blaOXA-48, blaSPM, blaIMP, blaVIM, genes. Results: total 131 45.8% (60/131) them resistant carbapenem. showed highest rate (100%) ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefazolin, cefepime maximum sensitivity tigecycline (96.7%). carbapenemase-encoding blaNDM-1 96.7% 66.7% isolates, respectively. Eight different clusters considering a ≥ 80% homology cut-off, shown same rep-PCR pattern. Clusters A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H included 20, 11, 7, 6, 3, 2, 2 members, Conclusions: RAPD-PCR reveals clonal relationship between may help improve infection control procedures.